Most English essays — for school, university applications, or exams like IELTS — follow the same underlying structure. Learn it once, and you can write confidently on almost any topic.
The five-paragraph structure
| Paragraph | Purpose |
|---|---|
| 1. Introduction | Introduce the topic and state your main argument (thesis) |
| 2. Body paragraph 1 | First main point, with an example |
| 3. Body paragraph 2 | Second main point, with an example |
| 4. Body paragraph 3 (optional) | Counter-argument or third point |
| 5. Conclusion | Summarise your points and restate your position |
Introduction formula
1) A general statement about the topic → 2) a narrower statement → 3) your thesis (main opinion/argument).
"Remote work has become increasingly common worldwide. While some employers remain hesitant to adopt it, the evidence suggests remote work improves both productivity and employee wellbeing. This essay will argue that companies should actively support remote work options."
Body paragraph formula (PEEL method)
- Point — state your main idea for this paragraph
- Explain — explain why this is true
- Evidence/Example — give a specific example
- Link — connect back to your main argument
Useful transition phrases
| Purpose | Phrases |
|---|---|
| Adding a point | Furthermore, In addition, Moreover |
| Contrasting | However, On the other hand, Nevertheless |
| Giving an example | For instance, For example, This can be seen in… |
| Showing result | As a result, Consequently, Therefore |
| Concluding | In conclusion, To sum up, Overall |
Conclusion formula
Restate your thesis in different words → briefly summarise your main points → end with a broader closing thought (optional).
"In conclusion, remote work offers clear benefits in productivity and wellbeing, as shown by the examples above. Companies that adapt to this shift are likely to attract stronger talent in the years ahead."
Common mistake: Introducing a brand-new point in the conclusion. The conclusion should only summarise what you've already argued — never add new evidence there.
Keep learning: browse more Writing Skills notes or head back to the homepage to explore other subjects.